Secular Change in Body Size and Somatotype of Indonesian Children aged 7–15 Years (1999–2019)

BACKGROUND: Secular changes assessment can help identifying the quality of health, wealth, and nutrition among populations provide suggestions for policymakers. AIM: To examine secular in weight, height, body mass index, somatotype Indonesian children between 1999 2019. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted 2019 on 2021 aged 7–15 years Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Anthropometric measurements including humerus femur breadths, circumferences upper arm calf; skinfold thickness triceps, subscapular, suprailiac, calf were measured. Body index (BMI) calculated as kg/m2. Somatotype components defined by Carter-Heath method. Statistical analyses used three-ways ANOVA least significant difference post hoc tests. RESULTS: Significant differences boys girls found BMI, three across 2-time points. The period tallest heaviest, highest value observed (girls). had values 3.3 - 3.7 (boys) 3.9 3.0 3.5 (girls), while 4.5 4.3 4.1 2.4 girls. CONCLUSION: In general, based order age, there is a similar pattern two periods. Among from to 2019, positive trends endomorph, mesomorph components, whereas negative trend ectomorph component.